Enteric nervous system consists of myenteric and submucous plexuses. Myenteric plexus mainly innervates the enteric motion; submucous plexus modulates the gastrointestinal secretion and local blood flow. P2 (ATP) receptors exist in both of the above plexuses and play an important role under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This article reviews the distribution, function and pharmacological characteristics of different P2 receptors, in an effort to provide new evidence for studying the role of P2 receptors in the diagnosis and therapy of enteric diseases.