Objective：To study the chemical components in the root of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Methods: Chemical components of Asparagus cochinchinensis root were isolated by column chromatography on macroporous resin, Silgel, Sephadex LH20, ODS, etc. and the structures of the components were identified by physiochemical and spectral analysis, such as MS, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. Results: The following 5 components were isolated and identified: diosgenin3OβDglucopyranoside(Ⅰ), smilagenin(Ⅱ), 26OβDglucopyranosylfurost3β,22,26triol3OβDglucopyranosyl(1→2)OβDglucopyranoside(Ⅲ),26OβDglucopyranosylfurost5，20en3β，2α，26triol3O\[αα rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）\]\[ααrhamnopyranosyl（1→4）\]βDglucopyranoside(Ⅳ), and 26OβDglucopyranosylfurost3β, 26diol22methoxy3OαLrhamnopyranosy（1→4）OβDglucopyranoside (Ⅴ). Conclusion: All the 5 compounds isolated from Asparagus cochinchinensis in this study is reported for the first time.