Objective:To study the effect of genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) on the susceptibility to renal cancer.Methods: The genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and NAT2 were examined in the renal cancer patients and controls using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) methods.Results: The distribution of CYP1A1 (W/M) and NAT2 (intermediate) genotypes was significantly different between the renal cancer patients and controls (P<0.05).Individuals carrying CYP1A1 (W/M) or NAT2 (intermediate) genotypes had an increased risk for renal cancer（OR=2.487, 95% CI: 1.493-4.142; OR=1.970, 95% CI:1.128-3.442，respectively). Multivariate analysis showed increased risk for renal cancer patients carrying CYP1A1 (W/M) or NAT2 (intermediate) genotypes and those who smoke.Conclusion: The genotypes CYP1A1 (W/M) and NAT2 (intermediate) are the risk factors of renal cancer, and the 2 genotypes have a interactive effect and both have a joint effect with smoking.