Objective:To investigate the incidence and major risk factors of skin diseases in soldiers of the earthquake-rescue troops in Yingxiu Town, and to evaluate the disinsection outcome in the camps.Methods: Two rescue teams were taken as subjects in this study.The incidence of skin diseases, hygiene status in the tents, and disinsection measures within 1 month after Wenchuan Earthquake were retrospectively studied from June 15 to June 20, 2008.Chi-square test was used to determine significance of difference.Results: The incidence of skin diseases was 42.20% in the rescue troops during the 1st month after the earthquake,with insect bite dermatitis and hair follicle dermatitis accounting for 82.05% and 15.38%, respectively.The incidences of skin diseases during the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week after the earthquake were significantly higher than that before the earthquake (P<0.05); the high incidence during the 4th week was associated with sleeping in the mountainous areas.Disinsection of the tents with 2.0% deltamethrin decreased the incidence of skin disease from 26.61% during the 2nd week to 0.92% during the 3rd week.Conclusion: The incidence of skin disease is obviously increased in the earthquake rescue troops; the major reasons are the poor hygiene condition and bites by the mosquitoes and insects.Regular disinsection can effectively decrease the incidence of skin diseases.