Aging as a global problem is intensifying with the development of economy; reducing the chronic diseases in the elderly and improving the life quality of the whole population are a study focus of medical researchers of today.The changes of cells,tissues,and organs in adults are not reversible to different extents.Fetal origin hypothesis believes malnutrition early in life is closely associated with the metabolic syndrome in adults,and if measures is taken at early stage of life,it may reduce or avoid a series of disease in adults.This paper reviews the association of malnutrition at early stage of life with metabolic syndrome (obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,and hyperlipemia) in adults.