ObjectiveTo observe the expression of PPARγ in rat brain after status epilepticus. MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a status epilepticus group(n=10). Lithium-pilocarpine model was used to prepare epileptic model. Immunohistochemical method and Western blotting analysis were used to examine the changes of PPARγ distribution and expression in rat brain in the two groups.ResultsImmunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of PPARγ was weak in the brain of normal rats,and the expression was mainly on the neurons.The expression was strong in astrocytes after status epilepticus,and the expression was also noticed on cells with neuron shape.Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of PPARγ was greatly increased after status epilepticus.ConclusionThe expression of PPARγ is increased on astrocyte after status epilepticus in rats,which may have neuroprotective effect.This finding cast new lights on neuroprotective treatment for epilepsy.