ObjectiveTo study the positive rate of PF4/H antibodies in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to analyze its risk factor and association with thrombosis. MethodsA total of 157 maintenance hemodialysis patients were recruited in the present study. A cross-sectional and a longitude study were designed, and statistical analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level and its association with thrombosis event. ResultsWe found that 40.8%(64/157) of the patients were positive for PF4/H antibody. Past-thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hours were significantly different between antibody-positive group and antibody-negative group(P<0.05). Incidence of thrombosis event in antibody-positive group was significantly lower than that in the antibody-negative group(P<0.05). The risk ratio of antibody positivity for thrombosis event was 2.349. The incidence of thrombotic event in antibody-positive patients who took anti-platelet agents was lower than that in those who did not take. ConclusionThe positive rate of PF4/H antibody has been found to be 40.8% in the present group. Thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hours are the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level. PF4/H antibody can serve as a marker for thrombotic events, and anti-platelet agents are effective for preventing from thrombotic events in PF4/H antibody positive patients.