Objective To understand the nutritional status of maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients and to discuss their reverse epidemiological phenomena, so as to provide evidence for further nutrition intervention strategies. Methods We evaluated the nutritional statuses of 113 MHD patients by combining the subjective global assessment (SGA) score, anthropometrics and biochemical tests. Results According to SGA scores, 63 patients (55.75%) were classified as well nourished, and malnutrition was observed in 50 patients (44.25%), with mild to moderate malnutrition in 45 patients (39.82%) and severe malnutrition in 5 patients (4.42%). The levels of triceps skin fold (TSF), mid-arm circumference (MAC), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) in malnutrition patients were significantly lower than those in the well-nourished group (P<0.01). The levels of total cholesterol (CH), triacylglycrol (TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL), serum albumin (Alb), prealbumin (PA), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium(Ca), and phosphorus (P) in malnutrition patients were lower than those in the well-nourished group(the differences for TG, PA, Scr, and BUN being statistically significant, P<0.05,P<0.01); the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were higher than those in the well-nourished group, but showing no statistical significance. Conclusion Malnutrition is common in the maintenance hemodialysis patients, which is one of the reasons for the reverse epidemiological phenomena, so it is suggested that the treatment should be adjusted according to the specific pathophysiological characteristics of MHD patients.