Chronic kidney disease(CKD)-associated anemia is developed during CKD; it is one of the important clinical manifestations and complications of CKD. Presently some novel reagents to ameliorate anemia such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and erythropoietin receptor excitomotors, are in the process of clinical trials. In this paper we reviewed the novel remedies for correcting anemia and stimulating erythropoiesis; we also discussed the primary mechanisms and adverse effects of the treatment. The clinical treatment should be chosen according to the advantages and risks of each individual patients, so as to correct anemia, reduce risk of cardiovascular events, and eventually improve the life quality of patients with end-stage renal disease.