Objective To observe the outcome of cryopreserved platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in repairing rabbit calvarial bone defect. Methods Totally 15 male New Zealand rabbits, weighing 2.5 kg, were used in this study. Three defect holes were made along the calvarial midline in each rabbit; the upper defect holes were repaired with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HAP/TCP) compounded －80℃ cryopreserved PRP gel (experimental hole), the middle defect hole with HAP/TCP compounded physiological saline (blank hole), and the lower defect hole with HAP/TCP compounded fresh PRP gel (control hole). Five rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation, respectively. Gross observation, X-ray examination, histological observation, and CT scan were performed for the harvested samples, so as to observe whether －80℃ cryopreserved PRP gel could promote the defect repair. Results It was found that the osteogenesis of the defects in the experimental holes and the control holes were better than that in the blank holes at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation, with the CT values in the experimental hole, control hole and blank hole being (376.8±50.41), (414±71.41), and (94.42±37.02) at 4 weeks after operation and (750.46±91.26), (682.22±111.53), and (444.04±47.12) at 8 weeks after operation, respectively, showing significant differences(P<0.01); but there was no significant difference between the experimental holes and the control holes at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation(P>0.05). At 12 weeks after operation, no differences in the osteogenesis of the defects were noticed between the three holes(P>0.05). Conclusion Cryopreserved PRP is confirmed to have the same effect as fresh PRP in enhancing early repair of calvarial bone defects.