Chronic inflammation plays an important role in cancer evolution and development. Some adjustable factors concerning diet and lifestyles can influence the transition from chronic inflammation to cancer. According to an established standard, food can be classified into pro-inflammatory food and anti-inflammatory food, which may affect the occurrence and progression of some cancers via promoting or inhibiting inflammatory microenvironment. Obesity caused by unhealthy diet and lack of physical activities can create inflammatory microenvironment, together with nutritional factors, they can promote cancer evolution and development. It is of great significance to improve food structure and lifestyle to control the evolution and development of inflammation-associated cancers.