MicroRNA (miRNA) is involved in the regulation of many genes at the post-transcriptional level and plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. More and more evidence suggests that muscle atrophy diseases are related to the regulation of miRNA, which indicting that miRNA may have a great potential to become biomarkers and drug targets for the treatment and diagnosis of the disease. This paper outlined the progress of miRNA in muscle atrophy, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of muscle diseases.