Objective To investigate the correlation of fluid resuscitation volume with intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and renal injury in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Totally 60 patients with SAP from our ICU were recruited in the present study. The intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was measured by method AbViser. The patients were divided into the following 3 groups according to the different of IAP: the normal group, IAH group and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) group. The general information, mortality rate, fluid resuscitation volumes and renal injury were analyzed and compared in the 3 groups. Results (1) The incidence rates of IAH and ACS in our study were 31.67%(19/60) and 11.67% (7/60), respectively. The mortality rates of normal group, IAH group and ACS group were 5.88%(2/34), 21.05%(4/19) and 57.14%(4/7), respectively. The mortality rate of ACS group was significantly higher than that of normal group (P=0.007). (2) The fluid balance volumes of normal group, IAH group and ACS group were (4 350±892), (5 512±1 246) and (5 974±1 765) mL, respectively, with significant differences found among the 3 groups (P<0.001); the total cumulative fluid volumes of the 3 groups were (8 530±2 384), (9 403±2 064) and (13 172±2 409) mL, respectively, also with significant differences found among the 3 groups (P<0.001). ACS group had the highest fluid balance and total cumulative fluid volumes in the first 3 days. (3) There were significant differences in the levels of blood creatinine and urea nitrogen among the 3 groups (P<0.001). The levels of blood creatinine and urea nitrogen of ACS group was significantly higher than those of normal group and IAH group (P<0.05). Conclusion The cumulative fluid of the first 3 days is associated with IAH and even ACS in pateints with SAP, and IAH can further lead to renal injury in patients with SAP.