Understanding the characteristics of medical support in naval warfare is the premise to determine the principles, requirements and measures of medical support and it is the foundation for organizing and implementing medical support in naval warfare. In this paper, using literature survey and research analysis we summarized the characteristics of medical support in modern naval warfare according to the types of naval warfare, input of army forces, weapons and equipment, war environment and so on. Finally we put forward six characteristics of modern naval warfare from the following perspectives: target, scope, wounding, rescue of the wounded, organizing and commanding, drug supply, and safety of medical support, hoping to provide reference for decision-making for military, logistics and health department.