Objective To investigate the feasibility of using 3.0T MRI multi-echo (ME) Dixon technique for liver fat quantification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Twenty volunteers were enrolled in this prospective study, and they included 16 NAFLD patients (12 males and 4 females) and 4 healthy volunteers (3 males and one female). All volunteers were examined by routine liver MRI, ME Dixon technique and single-voxel MRS. After examination, the fat fraction (FF) value of Screening Dixon and the FF value of single-voxel MRS with Histo sequence were recorded, and the FF values of 3 regions of interest (ROIs) in the fat fraction map of ME Dixon were manually measured. Finally, the FF values were analyzed with Spearman correlation analysis. Results The Screening Dixon FF value was positively correlated with the FF values of three ROIs of ME Dixon (r=0.842, 0.959, and 0.945 respectively,all P<0.001). Similarly, positive correlation was also found for the FF values of Screening Dixon and 3 ROIs of ME Dixon with the FF value of single-voxel MRS with Histo sequence(r=0.971, 0.842, 0.959, and 0.945 respectively,all P<0.001). Conclusion It is feasible to use 3.0T MRI ME Dixon for evaluating liver fat content in patients with NAFLD, and its results are positively correlated with those of single-voxel MRS. It is valuable for the diagnosis, follow-up and intervention of NAFLD patients.