Objective To use ultrasonic radio-frequency for analyzing the morphologic properties of carotid artery in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), and to evaluate the related factors. Methods A total of 31 KTR patients(KTR group), 31 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) supported by hemodialysis (ESRD group), and 84 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (control group) were included in this study and received the ultrasound examination of carotid artery between Mar. 2014 and Dec. 2015. The right common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and right common carotid arteries diameter (CCAD) were measured by ultrasonic radio-frequency in all participants. The independent influencing factors of the CIMT and CCAD were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results Compared with the ESRD group, the CIMT of KTR group and control group were significantly lower(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the KTR and control groups. ESRD group had a significantly wider CCAD than the control group(P<0.01), and there was no significant difference among KTR, control and ESRD groups. The results of multiple linear regression showed the CIMT and CCAD were positively associated with age, body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and some hemodynamic parameters, and they were the independent influencing factors of the CIMT and CCAD. Conclusion After successful kidney transplantation, the morphologic properties of carotid artery of recipients may recover partially. Age, body weight, SBP and some hemodynamic parameters are the independent factors of the morphological changes of carotid artery.