Objective To investigate the risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in post-operative patients with gynecological malignant tumors, and to evaluate the value of Risk Assessment Table of VTE in Hospitalized Patients in above patients. Methods A total of 530 post-operative patients with gynecological malignant tumors in our hospital between Oct. 2010 and Nov. 2015 were enrolled, including 58 cases complicated with VTE and 472 cases without VTE. Clinical indexes of all patients including age, body mass index (BMI), tumor type, tumor stage, operation method, operation time, amount of bleeding, history of blood transfusion, bedridden time, and history of comorbidities were statistically analyzed. The clinical dynamic evaluation of 317 post-operative patients with gynecological malignant tumor diagnosed between Nov. 2015 and Apr. 2017 were conducted by the new version of Risk Assessment Table of VTE in Hospitalized Patients, which was jointly developed by our hospital. Targeted interventions were used based on the evaluation results, and the incidence of VTE was observed and compared with patients who did not use the assessment table. Results Univariate analysis results showed that BMI, tumor stage, operation time, amount of bleeding, blood transfusion and bedridden time were significantly related to VTE (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis results showed that age, BMI, tumor stage, operation time and operation method were independent risk factors of VTE in post-operative patients with gynecological malignant tumor (P<0.05). After application of the Risk Assessment Table of VTE in Hospitalized Patients and taking corresponding interventions, the incidence of VTE in patients was significantly lower than that before application (1.89%[6/317] vs 10.9%[58/530], P<0.05). Conclusion Age, BMI, tumor stage, operation time and operation method are the independent risk factors of VTE in post-operative patients with gynecological malignant tumor. Assessing the risk of VTE in the peri-operative period and taking appropriate preventive measures according to the risk score can reduce the incidence of VTE in post-operative patients with gynecological malignancies.