Objective To determine the expression level of BICD cargo adaptor 1 (BICD1) gene in different grades of glioma in Chinese population, and to explore its potential role in progress of low-grade glioma to high-grade. Methods The BICD1 mRNA expression data were derived from whole transcriptome expression profile array database and whole transcriptome sequencing database of Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). The information of World Health Organization (WHO) grade, molecular subtype, progression-free survival, overall survival, and expression levels and mutation status of typical molecular biomarkers were also collected from the database. The correlation of BICD1 expression with progression and malignancy grade was analyzed. Ten samples of glioma of WHO Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade were collected, and the extracted RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA. Then real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to analyze BICD1 expression levels in each grade. Results Expression levels derived from whole transcriptome expression profile array database of CGGA and whole transcriptome sequencing database of CGGA showed that BICD1 expression level was significantly increased with WHO grade of glioma (WHO Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade vs WHO Ⅱgrade:t=7.901, P<0.01). qPCR analysis showed that BICD1 expression level was significantly higher in the glioma of high-grade versus the glioma of low-grade (WHO Ⅲ grade vs WHO Ⅱ grade:t=3.514, P<0.01; WHO Ⅳ grade vs Ⅲ grade:t=2.128, P=0.037 6). High expression of BICD1 was significantly correlated with shorter progression-free survival and overall survival of the glioma patients (both P<0.01). The BICD1 expression levels were significantly different between the proneural, neural, classical and mesenchymal gliomas (F=21.8, P<0.01), and the BICD1 expression level in the mesenchymal glioma was the highest and the one in the proneural glioma was the lowest. The BICD1 expression level was correlated with classical molecular markers of malignant degrees of glioma, such as isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation, combined deletion of chromosome 1p19q and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) mutation. The expression level of BICD1 was significantly lower in the IDH1 mutation glioma samples than that in the wildtype samples (t=7.769, P<0.01). Conclusion BICD1 may be a potential biomarker for grade progress and malignant progression of low-grade glioma.