Blast wave can stimulate the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, leading to the changes of autonomic nervous function. It can also damage the hypothalamus and pituitary, and activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-target gland axis and the locus ceruleus-sympathetic-adrenal medulla axis, resulting in the changes of endocrine level. In addition, it can activate inflammatory cells, synthesize and release different inflammatory mediators, resulting in the changes of inflammatory response. This paper reviews the changes and interactions of autonomic nervous function, endocrine level and inflammatory response in blast wave injury, and further explains the injury mechanism of blase wave, providing references for the treatment of blast wave injury.