Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a recently discovered Ca²⁺ receptor located on the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum, and it is a transmembrane protein related to cellular Ca²⁺ influx. As an important regulatory protein in the process of store-operated Ca²⁺ entry, STIM1 plays an essential role in Ca²⁺ homeostasis of non-excited cell. To date, domestic and foreign studies have confirmed that STIM1 plays an important role in the development and progression of various diseases such as tumor, inflammation and immunity. This article summarizes the latest research progress of STIM1 in digestive diseases, and briefly describes its potential basic research and clinical value.