Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death that can lead to the release of cellular contents and inflammatory factors involved in the development of many diseases, and it has become another research focus. This paper is to study the research progress in the relationship between pyroptosis and metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and gout, so as to further broaden the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases and to provide new treatment strategies.