Objective To understand the sleep quality and psychological status of officers and soldiers in naval force stationed in Hubei, China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, and to explore the influencing factors, so as to maintain the physical and mental health of officers and soldiers during the epidemic. Methods Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale, patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) and impact of event scale-revised (IES-R) were used to evaluate the sleep and psychological status of officers and soldiers in a naval force stationed in Hubei province. Results A total of 238 questionnaires were sent out, and 232 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 97.5%. The median score of PSQI scale was 2.00 (1.00, 5.00), and poor and very poor sleep qualities accounted for 5.6% (13/232) and 0.9% (2/232), respectively. The median score of PHQ-9 was 0.00 (0.00, 2.00), and mild, moderate and severe depression accounted for 12.1% (28/232), 0.9% (2/232) and 0.4% (1/232), respectively. The median score of GAD-7 was 0.00 (0.00, 0.00), and mild anxiety was found in 7.8% (18/232) participants. The median score of IES-R was 1.00 (0.00, 5.00), and mild and moderate psychological stress accounted for 12.5% (29/232) and 1.3% (3/232), respectively. Conclusion The sleep quality and psychological status of the officers and soldiers from the naval force stationed in Hubei are generally good during the COVID-19 epidemic. A small proportion of them have mild psychosomatic disorders, such as poor sleep quality, depression, anxiety and psychological stress reaction. Psychological counseling and humanistic care should be given to better maintain the physical and mental health of naval forces and ensure their combat capability.