Pericardial tamponade often occurs when the heart is damaged on the battlefield, and the mortality is quite high. Pericardiocentesis can relieve the pressure on the heart in a short time, and gain time for casualty evacuation. However, at present only blind pericardiocentesis is performed in battlefield environment. In recent years, ultrasonic equipment has become increasingly more portable and intelligent, which has already gained the potential to be applied for the future battlefield, and ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis is also expected to be applied for battlefield rescue in the future. However, the operation of pericardiocentesis is quite difficult and risky, cheap and effective training model or system is needed. The mastery of this technique among military grass-roots health personnel is far from enough. This paper reviews the current research on pericardiocentesis in peacetime training and wartime application at home and abroad, and puts forward feasible suggestions to build a complete training and application system, so as to improve the mastery of ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis among military grass-roots health personnel.