Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in our hospital in recent 5 years, so as to provide basis for rational use of antibiotics, reduction of drug-resistant strains and prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The PA data of inpatients in our hospital from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical distribution, sample sources and drug resistance rate of PA and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 822 PA strains were isolated from 1 571 inpatients in our hospital, including 550 CRPA strains (30.2%). The department with the highest isolation rate of PA and CRPA was the Burn Department (16.1%[293/1 822]and 17.8%[98/550]), followed by the Emergency Department (13.9%[254/1 822]and 14.7%[81/550]). The main types of PA and CRPA samples were sputum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (50.3%[916/1 822]and 61.8%[340/550]), followed by wound secretion (16.5%[300/1 822]and 10.5%[58/550]). The resistance rates of PA and CRPA to imipenem were the highest (23.4%[427/1 822]and 93.1%[512/550]), followed by meropenem (21.2%[387/1 822]and 83.8%[461/550]). Conclusion The isolation rates of PA and CRPA in our hospital is high. It is necessary to timely analyze the changes of clinical distribution and drug resistance rates of PA and CRPA, strengthen drug resistance monitoring, optimize rational clinical use of drugs and effectively prevent and control nosocomial infections.