Vascular impairment is a rather broad conception; it includes the vascular structural injuries or dysfunctions of different pathological types; and it may involve different positions or organs, may be traumatic or non-traumatic, and may be acute or chronic. Starting from the conception of vascular impairment, this paper discusses the limitations of previous studies, which merely described isolated cases of traumatic and non-traumatic vascular impairments and the research and diagnosis of vascular impairments based on different disciplines. However, we emphasized the importance of combining traumatic and non-traumatic impairments, multidisciplinary collaboration, and basic and clinical medicine. Taking the advantage of novel technologies and equipment, we designed a diagnosis and treatment plan of "combining peacetime and wartime, training in peacetime for wartime", which can not only effectively improve the peacetime efficiency for clinical management of vascular impairment, but also significantly promote the wartime treatment for vascular impairment.