Military training injury (MTI) is pathological change or dysfunction of participants' tissues and/or organs caused by military training. It is a common type of training injury for officers and soldiers. MTI seriously affects training efficiency, occupational health and overall military readiness, and it is a long-term health problem for officers and soldiers. In recent years, high-frequency ultrasound technology is developed rapidly, its advantages in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal diseases have become increasingly prominent, and it is also increasingly used in the diagnosis and treatment of MTI. This article reviews the application and progress of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of MTI, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of MTI in our army.