Objective To detect the distribution of serum allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in Yangpu District of Shanghai.Methods The serum allergen specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) of 1 504 patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis in Yangpu District of Shanghai, who visited our department from Jan. to Dec. 2018, were semi-quantitatively detected by a special kit for sensitive screen allergen detector (Western blotting). The positive rates of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis were compared in different genders (male and female), different allergen sources (ingestion, inhalation and mixed), and different seasons (winter ［ Jan. to Mar.］, spring ［ Apr. to Jun.］, summer ［ Jul. to Sep.］ and autumn ［ Oct. to Dec.］).Results The total IgE positive rate of 1 504 patients was 76.93% (1 157/ 1504), and the positive rate of sIgE was 85.97% (1 293/1 504). The top 3 positive rates of inhalant allergens were house dust mite (55.32%, 832/1 504), dog epithelium (18.22%, 274/1 504) and house dust (13.96%, 210/1 504). The top 3 positive rates of food allergens were milk (13.03%, 196/1 504), crab (5.52%, 83/1 504) and egg white (4.45%, 67/1 504). The allergen sIgE positive rate in male patients was higher than that in female patients (88.24% ［705/799］ vs 83.40% ［588/705］, P＜0.01). The allergen sIgE positive rates in summer and autumn were higher than those in winter and spring (89.76% ［ 342/381］, 89.69% ［435/485］ vs 79.65% ［227/285］, 81.87% ［289/353］, all P＜0.05). The allergen sIgE positive rate of inhalant allergens was higher than that of food allergens and mixed allergens (45.68% ［ 687/1 504］ vs 2.46% ［ 37/1 504］ and 20.28% ［ 305/1 504］ ), and the positive rate of mixed allergens was higher than that of food allergens (all P＜0.01).Conclusion The incidence rate of allergic rhinitis in males is higher than that in females in Yangpu District of Shanghai, the onset season is mainly in summer and autumn, and allergens are mainly inhalant allergens, followed by mixed allergens.