Military training injury presents a high incidence trend in our army, and the acute and chronic pain caused by the injury has a significant impact on combat effectiveness. Transdermal analgesics have special advantages and potential application value in the treatment of military training injury pain due to its convenient use, quick effect, high controllability, and few adverse reactions. This paper reviews and prospects the application of transdermal analgesics in the treatment of military training injury pain from the perspectives of commonly used clinical analgesics, such as opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel activators, so as to better guide the clinical treatment.