ObjectiveTo investigate the sleep status of naval officers and soldiers in a large-scale surface warship during long voyage, analyze its influencing factors, and establish a prediction model.MethodsWith the warship officers and soldiers as research objects, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and depression-anxiety-stress scale (DASS-21) were used to investigate the sleep status and negative emotions after 28 d of long voyage. Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the independent influencing factors of sleep disorder in officers and soldiers and to establish a prediction model of sleep disorder.ResultsA total of 240 questionnaires were sent out, and 222 effective questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 92.50%. The PSQI scale score was 8.78±3.73, and 163 (73.42%) warship officers and soldiers had sleep disorder (PSQI scale score≥7). There were significant differences in negative emotions (depression, anxiety, and depression) of warship officers and soldiers with different sleep conditions, with significantly higher scores of negative emotions in those with poor sleep quality than those with good sleep quality (all P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in gender, marital status, age, education level, only child, or family nature of warship officers and soldiers with different sleeping conditions (all P > 0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the PSQI scale score was positively correlated with the duration of military service, time on warship, operational positions, and negative emotions (depression, anxiety, and depression) (all P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed the operational positions (P＝0.004) and anxiety (P＝0.049) were independent influencing factors of sleep disorders during long voyage, accounting for 26.40% of the total (adjusted R²＝0.264). Regression equation was maximum of PSQI scale score (PSQI_max)＝4.657+0.511×operational positions+0.255×anxiety.ConclusionThe incidence of sleep disorder is high in warship officers and soldiers during long voyage, and those who are in special positions and with anxiety should be paid attention to and early intervention should be taken.