Research on the mental health of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation is growing. This paper reviews the literatures on the mental health of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation from 2010 to 2020, and summarizes the mental health status, influencing factors and prevention and intervention measures of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation. The common mental health problems of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation include anxiety, depression, somatization, insomnia, and fatigue. Various problems have different time windows, and the mental health status has complex fluctuations during long-distance navigation. Working and living environment, physical and mental stress and individual differences may affect the mental health of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation. It is necessary to make great efforts in personnel selection and adaptive training before long-distance navigation, psychological counseling and intervention during navigation, and screening and tracking management after navigation. It is also necessary to extend the research contents of mental health status, design the research experiments on health influencing factors, and carry out comparative research on health prevention and intervention, so as to further explore the mental health problems of naval officers and soldiers during long-distance navigation.