Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and application value of compound fructose electrolyte injection in patients with bone trauma. Methods A total of 80 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of bone trauma in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University) from Jan. 2020 to Jun. 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group (n=40) and experimental group (n=40). The patients in the control group were treated with routine fluid resuscitation scheme (intravenous drip of 5% glucose and sodium chloride injection 1 000 mL/d and 5% glucose injection 1 000 mL/d, 1.5 g potassium chloride and 1 g calcium gluconate were added into the 5% glucose injection) after operation, and the patients in the experimental group were treated with intravenous drip of compound fructose electrolyte injection 2 000 mL/d after operation, both for 5 d. Blood glucose, liver and kidney function, electrolyte level, hemorheology and coagulation function, operative and postoperative related indexes, and wound healing were observed in the 2 groups. Results The postoperative vital signs of all patients were stable. The levels of blood glucose immediately and 2 h after administration on the 1^st, 2^nd, and 5^th day after operation in the control group were significantly higher and with larger fluctuation range than those in the experimental group (all P<0.01). The whole blood specific high shear viscosity, whole blood specific low shear viscosity, plasma specific viscosity in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group 1 and 5 d after operation (all P<0.05), and prothrombin time was significantly higher than that in the control group (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in liver or kidney function, electrolyte level, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, or suture removal days between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion Compound fructose electrolyte injection is safe and effective for postoperative rehydration in bone trauma patients, with less interference on blood glucose, liver and kidney function, and electrolyte level. Meanwhile, it can reduce blood viscosity and decrease the risk of thrombosis.