Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of 6-week online supervised exercise intervention on patients with different types of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A total of 22 patients with CAD after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in 2 groups, including 11 in non-myocardial infarction (non-MI) group and 11 in post-MI group. All enrolled patients were required to fill in the cardiac rehabilitation questionnaires or scales and underwent blood biochemical detection, motor function test and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Under the guidance of cardiovascular physicians, the patients were asked for daily exercise by their therapists online. The exercise program consisted of resistance training of lower extremities and aerobic exercise. Resistance training was sit-to-stand training, twice a day for 2-3 sets per time, 20-30 in each set. Aerobic exercise was brisk walking, once a day for 30-60 min, and intermittent rest was permitted. Exercise intensity was either to reach the heart rate reflecting the anaerobic threshold or to score 13 on rating of perceived exertion scale. After 6-week online supervised exercise intervention, the indicators were re-tested, and the differences of intra-group changes were analyzed. Results All patients completed retests according to the timeline without any serious adverse cardiovascular events. After 6-week online supervised exercise intervention, the scores of CAD self-management scale, CAD education scale and barriers to physical activity scale were improved in the non-MI and post-PCI groups, and the scores of Bandura's exercise self-efficacy scale were improved in the post-MI group (all P<0.05). The results of 6-min walk test, sit to stand test, 5 times sit to stand test, 30-s sit-to-stand test (STS) and 1-min STS were all improved in the non-MI and post-MI groups after the intervention (all P ≤ 0.05). Both groups had significant decreases in low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides (all P<0.01). CPET results showed that the oxygen uptake to work rate ratio ([8.44±0.93] mL/[min·W] vs[9.05±0.77] mL/[min·W], P<0.01), oxygen uptake/heart rate ([9.85±1.91] mL vs[10.65±1.83] mL, P=0.01) and maximal metabolic equivalent[MET] ([4.92±0.74] MET vs[5.22±0.76] MET, P=0.05) were all increased in the post-MI group after the intervention, while the above indicators had no significant change in the non-MI group. Conclusion The 6-week online supervised exercise is a safe and effective intervention. It can not only significantly enhance the disease knowledge and self-health management ability of patients in non-MI and post-MI groups, but also can remarkably improve their motor function and blood lipid level, and this intervention can significantly improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients in post-MI group.