Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, and bioactive reducing small molecule gas with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and other biological functions, and it can be used in the adjuvant treatment of a variety of diseases. The application of hydrogen is not only for inhalation, but also for hydrogen water drinking, hydrogen solution injection, hydrogen dialysate dialysis, etc., and its biological role has been widely studied. This article reviews the role of hydrogen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, coronavirus disease 2019, acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and other respiratory diseases, and discusses the recent research progress.