ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between body mass index (BMI), leptin levels and metabolic-inflammatory aging in healthy female adults.MethodsThirty-eight healthy adult women who underwent physical examination in Health Management Center of Shenzhen People's Hospital from Mar. to Apr. 2021 were enrolled. Blood pressure, BMI, and blood biochemical test results, including serum albumin, globulin, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid, and α-fetoprotein, were collected. Plasma leptin and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α[TNF-α] and interferon-γ) were determined by human adipokine magnetic bead panel kit. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships of age, BMI and leptin levels with blood pressure, BMI, blood biochemical indexes and inflammatory cytokines.ResultsTwenty-two of the 38 healthy adult women were of childbearing age (< 45 years old and less than 12 months of cessation of menstruation) and 16 were (peri)menopausal (≥45 years old or more than 12 months of cessation of menstruation). The BMI, ALT, blood glucose, GHb, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, α-fetoprotein, leptin, and interferon-γ were significantly higher in the (peri)menopausal women than those in the childbearing women (all P < 0.05). With the increase of age, the level of serum albumin showed a downward trend (r＝－0.339, P < 0.05), while the levels of GHb, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-C and α-fetoprotein were gradually increased (r＝0.364, r＝0.378, r_s＝0.540, r＝0.559, r＝0.451, all P < 0.05). BMI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood glucose, and uric acid (r＝0.395, 0.461, 0.350, 0.395, all P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r＝－0.472, P＝0.006). Plasma leptin level was increased with age (r＝0.390, P < 0.05), and was positively correlated with BMI, SBP, total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglyceride, uric acid, ALT, and TNF-α (r＝0.378, r＝0.394, r_s＝0.412, r＝0.355, r_s＝0.567, r＝0.518, r_s＝0.372, r＝0.347, all P < 0.05).ConclusionIn healthy female adults, with the increase of age and BMI, the body metabolism and inflammatory levels change; albumin, leptin, α-fetoprotein and TNF-α can be used as potential indexes for clinical aging assessment.