Objective To explore the anti-inflammatory effect of alginate dressing combined with vacuum sealing drainage on seawater immersion wounds in rats.Methods Ten healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 5 rats in each group. The wounds in the experimental group were covered with alginate dressing combined with vacuum sealing drainage, and the wounds in the control group were covered with conventional first aid dressing. Blood samples were taken for routine blood test on the 5^th day after modeling. On the 7^th day after modeling, total RNA was extracted from the wound tissues, and the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Meanwhile, the wound tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and immunohistochemical staining to observe the histological change and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).Results The results of routine blood test showed that the white blood cell count in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The results of qPCR showed that the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (both P < 0.01). The results of H-E staining showed that the collagen fibers were arranged neatly, the neovascularization grew vertically, and the epithelialization was obvious in the wound tissues of rats in the experimental group; while the epithelialization was insufficient, and more inflammatory cells could be seen in the granulation tissues in the control group. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the average optical density of VEGF in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion For seawater immersion wounds, alginate dressing combined with vacuum sealing drainage can significantly reduce inflammatory reaction, promote proliferation of fibroblasts and angiogenesis, so as to promote wound healing.