With the increasing incidence of various malignancies and the patients' prolonged time of surviving with tumors, cancer-related fatigue (CRF) caused by tumor or anti-tumor therapies has an increasingly significant negative impact on sociality, emotion, sleep, and survival of patients. The underlying mechanism of CRF is unclear and the efficacy of Western medicine treating CRF is unsatisfactory. This paper reviews the relevant research progress of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of CRF. With the guidance of TCM principle "consolidating basis and cultivating primordial qi", treatments including Chinese patent medicine, acupoint stimulation, and guided exercise can effectively alleviate CRF. Meanwhile, TCM treatment for CRF emphasizes studying the relevant mechanism and tonifying the spleen and kidney to strengthen qi, so as to reduce the pain of CRF patients, improve the quality of life of patients, and enhance the humanistic care in the process of tumor diagnosis and treatment.