Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease of the pancreas, often accompanied by the deterioration of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function, which seriously endangers the health of patients. At present, the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis mainly depends on specific imaging findings and/or histopathological examination, but imaging examination has false negative rate and misdiagnosis rate, and histopathological examination is invasive and the biopsy procedure is difficult. Thus, the early diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and the differential diagnosis with pancreatic cancer and other diseases are still difficult. Recent studies have found that pancreatic enzyme, exosomes, microRNA, metabolomics, plasma soluble receptors and other markers play a certain role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, with good sensitivity and specificity. This article reviews the research progress of diagnostic markers for chronic pancreatitis, so as to provide new insights for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.