Large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke is the most severe subtype of stroke with high disability and mortality. This article reviews the progress in the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology classification, influencing factors, clinical evaluation and emergency care of acute LVO stroke, so as to elucidate the risk factors and to provide support for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Incorporating the assessment of LVO stroke into the comprehensive framework of pre-hospital emergency care and nursing, coupled with training of interdisciplinary experts in clinical medicine and nursing, can significantly improve treatment outcomes for these patients and substantially contribute to the advancement of healthcare in China.