Self-aid and buddy-aid are primary steps in battlefield first aid, offering the timeliest treatment effectiveness. Medications are indispensable key supplies in battlefield first aid, playing a crucial role in the timely treatment of the injured. This review provides an overview of medication preparation for battlefield first aid both domestically and internationally, aiming to provide reference for the medication preparation for self-aid and buddy-aid of naval combat injuries, so as to enhance the Navy’s first-aid capability and medical support capability.