Objective： To study the relationship of anxiety with personality and family factors in servicemen and search for factor influencing the anxiety of servicemen,so as to provide evidences for effective intervention. Methods: The personality character,family factors and anxiety statuses were assessed by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and information scale in 2 001 male soldiers. Results: There was a negative association between P,N scores of EPQ and the trait- and state-anxiety scores,and a positive association between L,E scores of EPQ and trait- and state-anxiety scores (all P<0.01). Trait-anxiety score was correlated to the parental relationship and economic status; state-anxiety score was related to the parental relationship,the structure of family and economic status(P<0.05). The results of Multi-regression analysis suggested that the factors of trait-anxiety included parental relationship and economic status; the factor of state-anxiety included economic status only(P<0.01). Conclusion: Personality and family factors are the most important factors of the anxiety in servicemen. The four dimensions of EPQ all contribute significantly to the anxiety status. Also the parental relationship and economic status in the family factors contribute significantly to anxiety status. \[KEY WORDS\]military men；state-anxiety；trait-anxiety；personality；family