Objective：To summarize our experience on retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (RLRN) in treatment of patients with renal carcinoma．Methods: The clinical data of 180 patients with renal carcinoma, who received RLRN from Jan. 2001 to Jan. 2007, were retrospectively studied. The experience was summarized and the clinical outcomes of patients were assessed. Results: All the 180 patients were pathologically confirmed to have T1T2 phase renal carcinomas, with 87 cases had left side lesions and 93 had right ones．The diameter of tumors was 1.58 cm, with a mean of （4.8±1.3）cm. All the patients were subjected to RLRN and all underwent successful operation. The operation time was 5690 min, with a mean of (70±12) min; the blood loss was about 701 500 ml, with a mean of （122 ±36） ml. One patients had right renal venous injury (not converted to open surgery), 7 patients had pleural injury, 1 had diaphragmatic injury, 2 had subcutaneous emphysema, 1 had incision hernia, and 6 had delayed union of incision. The patients began oral intake of food 2448 h after operation and were discharged 79 days after operation. Fortyone patients were lost during the follow up (4 months to 6 years); 4 patients died due to other reasons and 2 had pulmonary metastasis. There was no puncture site metastasis in this group. Conclusion: RLRN has the advantages of less trauma, rapid recovery, and slight pain. It is a safe and effective method for treatment of renal carcinoma.