Sleep deprivation, as a stress just like starvation and anoxia, can induce the physiological function changes, such as emotion disorders, cognition disorders, and immune disorders. Oxidative stress is common in cells and is closely related to aging, Alzheimer disease, Pakinson diseases, etc. Previous studies showed that sleep deprivation could induce oxidative stress via different pathways, namely, the increase of the metabolic rate and free radicals, the depress of antioxidant ability, and the indirect effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress. In this review we summarize the recent progress on the above fields