ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effects of nanometer calcium phosphate ceramic artificial bone (NCPCAB) in percutaneous kyphoplasty for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. MethodsTotally 33 cases of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected in the present study. All cases were injected with NCPCAB for percutaneous kyphoplasty via bilateral transpedicular balloon approach. Anterior vertebral reset rate and kyphosis correction rate were calculated after treatment. The visual analogue scales (VAS) were observed preoperatively and postoperatively. The changes of blood pressure and SPO2 were observed preoperatively, at injection of the artificial bone, 5 min after injection and at the end of surgery. ResultsThe postoperative vertebra reduction rate and kyphosis correction rate were (24.90±3.02)% and (45.80±7.13)%, respectively. The pain was greatly reduced after operation. The blood pressure was stable after injection of the artificial bone, and SPO2 was not markedly different at each time point. ConclusionApplication of NCPCAB in percutaneous kyphoplasty is safe and effective for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, with little influence on the vital signs of patients.