MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating inflammatory responses, and the related mechanism and regulation characteristics are unique in immune system. In recent years, a large number of studies have showed that miRNAs can target mRNAs of many target genes in Toll-like receptor/nuclear factor-κB (TLR/NF-κB) signaling pathway, and play regulatory roles in immune recognition and inflammatory responses. In this paper we reviewed the characteristics of miRNA in inflammatory reactions, with special attention on the regulatory roles in TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway.