Objective To design an emergency medical rescue simulation system, and to provide reference for optimizing rescue strategy and medical resource allocation by simulating different rescue conditions. Methods Firstly, Stateflow was used to build the main simulation unit, which included arrival of the wounded, classification of the wounded (emergent [type A] and non-emergent [type B]), and medical treatment modules, and then the related event and response function were appended. Secondly, the system parameter input unit and character display unit were set up in Simulink. Finally two different medical treatment strategies (strategy 1: type B wounded waiting for treatment in the rescue module with least waiting patients; strategy 2: type B wounded waiting for treatment in the rescue module with least workload) were simulated and the corresponding rescue strategies were analyzed. Results The system could simulate the medical rescue process of different strategies. The type A wounded could be rescued in a timely manner in both strategies. Type B wounded had a shorter waiting time in strategy 1, but the rescuers had a heavy work load; while they had a longer waiting time in strategy 2, and the rescuers had a lighter work load. Conclusion We have successfully designed a simulation system for emergency medical rescue and its feasibility and effectiveness are verified. Different rescue strategies have their respective advantages and disadvantages in the waiting time and work load, and the two strategies can be combined in practice in order to achieve a dynamic balance between the waiting time of the wounded and the work load of the rescuers.