| 摘要: |
| 自噬，“自我吞噬”，即细胞能够吞噬包裹细胞自体成分或外来病原体，用于降解、清除或能量循环。这一现象所涉及的两个重要阶段——自噬体形成和溶酶体降解内容物，其发现及机制分别获得了2016年和1974年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，彰显这一生命现象的重要性。从酵母到人类细胞，自噬这一保守的细胞过程均发挥着重要的生理功能。自噬功能异常会导致很多病理性改变，与感染、肿瘤、神经退行性改变及缺血性疾病等都有着密切和重要的关系；并且在不同疾病或同一疾病的不同病理阶段，自噬发挥着复杂甚至相对的作用。 |
| 关键词: 自噬 分子机制 疾病 相对作用 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2016.10.1189 |
| 投稿时间：2016-10-14修订日期：2016-10-17 |
| 基金项目:上海市“创新行动计划”基础研究项目（14JC1405200）. |
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| Autophagy: divergent effects on disease |
| ZHAN Zhen-zhen1,CHEN Xiang2,ZHANG Yun-kai2,LIU Xing-guang2* |
(1. Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China;
2. National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Autophagy, or cellular self-eating, is a cellular pathway involving the engulfment of intracellular organelles or pathogens, leading to protein and organelle degradation, elimination of pathogens or energy recycling. The two important steps of autophagy, the discovery of autophagosome formation and organelle degradation in lysosome, have won the 2016 and 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, respectively, which indicates the great significance of autophagy. The primordial and vital function of autophagy is preserved in all eukaryotic organisms, from yeast to humans. Autophagic dysfunction can result in diverse pathological changes, and is closely associated with microbial infection, cancer, neurodegeneration and ischemic diseases. Moreover, autophagy plays complicated and even divergent roles in different types of diseases, cells, conditions and pathological processes. |
| Key words: autophagy molecular mechanism disease divergent effects |
