| 摘要: |
| 目的 了解大学生在新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情期间的心理状态特征，为心理干预提供依据。方法 2020年5月17日至2020年6月17日，采用调整的突发性公共卫生事件心理问卷（PQEEPH）对北京联合大学在校大学生进行调查。PQEEPH分为抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫性焦虑和疑病症5个维度，依据情绪反应症状的程度和频度进行4级评分，0分为无症状，1分为轻度症状，2分为中度症状，3分为重度症状。结果 共获得有效问卷3 019份。在COVID-19疫情期间，大学生情绪反应症状从重到轻依次为恐惧、神经衰弱、抑郁、强迫性焦虑和疑病症，发生率分别为87.7%（2 648/3 019）、44.8%（1 353/3 019）、37.4%（1 129/3 019）、17.3%（522/3 019）、11.6%（350/3 019）。女生恐惧得分高于男生（P<0.001），居住在乡镇/城郊的大学生恐惧得分高于居住在农村和城市的大学生（P均<0.017），身边有确诊COVID-19病例、亲人作为医护人员或后勤保障人员参与疫情防治工作的大学生抑郁、神经衰弱和强迫性焦虑得分高于无此类情况者（P均<0.017），身边有疑似COVID-19病例的大学生抑郁、强迫性焦虑和疑病症得分高于无此类情况者（P均<0.017）。女生比男生更容易出现中重度恐惧心理（OR=1.53，95% CI 1.25～1.88，P<0.001），身边有确诊或疑似COVID-19病例的大学生比无此类情况者更容易出现中重度恐惧心理（OR=2.03，95% CI 1.29～3.20，P=0.002），居住在乡镇/城郊的大学生比居住在农村和城市的大学生更容易出现中重度恐惧心理（OR=0.72，95% CI 0.56～0.94，P=0.015；OR=0.78，95% CI 0.63～0.97，P=0.025）。结论 COVID-19疫情对大学生心理造成了影响，需要关注大学生的心理健康，为大学生提供针对性的心理辅导。 |
| 关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎 大学生 心理健康 恐惧 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20210897 |
| 投稿时间：2021-10-11修订日期：2022-03-07 |
| 基金项目:上海市科技计划项目（20dz2260300），中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金. |
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| Mental health status of college students during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic |
| HUANG Da-qing1,WANG Yan2,HONG Xia3,LIU Wei-zhi2,4,SHANG Zhi-lei2,4* |
(1. Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China;
3. Department of Psychology, Jingdong Medical District, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 101199, China;
4. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, The School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To investigate the psychological characteristics of college students during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to provide a basis for psychological intervention. Methods From May 17, 2020 to Jun. 17, 2020, the adjusted psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health (PQEEPH) was surveyed among the college students of Beijing Union University. The questionnaire included 5 dimensions:depression, neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis. Four grades were scored according to the degree and frequency of emotional responses:0 means no symptoms, 1 means mild symptoms, 2 means moderate symptoms, and 3 means severe symptoms. Results A total of 3 019 valid questionnaires were collected. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the emotional responses of college students, from the most serious to the least, were fear, neurasthenia, depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis, with the incidences being 87.7% (2 648/3 019), 44.8% (1 353/3 019), 37.4% (1 129/3 019), 17.3% (522/3 019), and 11.6% (350/3 019), respectively. The fear scores of female students were higher than those of male students (P<0.001), the fear scores of college students from towns/suburbs were higher than those from rural and urban areas (both P<0.017), the scores of depression, neurasthenia and obsessivecompulsive anxiety of college students with confirmed COVID-19 cases around them or their relatives participated in the epidemic prevention and control as medical staff or logistics support personnel were higher than those without such conditions (all P<0.017), and the scores of depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety and hypochondriasis of college students with suspected COVID-19 cases around them were higher than those without such condition (all P<0.017). Females were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than males (odds ratio[OR]=1.53, 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.25-1.88, P<0.001), those with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases around them were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those without such conditions (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.29-3.20, P=0.002), and those living in towns/suburbs were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those living in rural and urban areas (OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94, P=0.015; OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97, P=0.025). Conclusion COVID-19 epidemic has impact on the psychology of college students. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health of college students and provide targeted psychological counseling for them. |
| Key words: coronavirus disease 2019 college students mental health fear |
