Objective To explore the status of chronic diseases and differences in key demographic characteristics among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of the Hakka elderly (aged ≥60 years) in Ninghua County, Fujian, China to collect the data on the demographic characteristics and the prevalence of chronic diseases. SPSS 25.0 software was used to conduct chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. Results A total of 1 262 individuals were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of chronic diseases in the Hakka elderly was 52.54% (663/1 262), and the prevalence of chronic comorbidities was 21.79% (275/1 262). People who were overweight (odds ratio ［OR］＝2.29), obese (OR＝2.16), with an average household income between 15 001 and 30 000 yuan (OR＝1.61) had a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. People who were overweight (OR＝3.81), obese (OR＝4.99) and widowed (OR＝1.63) had a higher prevalence of chronic comorbidities. Those who had an education of primary school and above (primary school: OR＝0.50; junior high school and above: OR＝0.57), living with spouse (OR＝0.41) and living with one child (OR＝0.42) had a lower prevalence of chronic diseases. Conclusion High prevalence of chronic diseases and chronic comorbidities are found among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China. People who are overweight, obese, poorly educated or live alone have a higher risk of chronic disease or chronic comorbidities. The government, society and families should focus on these groups and adopt targeted chronic disease control and management measures to improve the overall quality of life of the Hakka elderly.