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| 我国独居老年人失能状况及其影响因素分析 |
| 王彬1△,周宇2△,杜茂林3,石锦浩2,沈卓捷1,孙金海4,袁磊4* |
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(1. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)教务处, 上海 200433;
2. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)科研学术处, 上海 200433;
3. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)办公室, 上海 200433;
4. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)卫生勤务学系健康管理学教研室, 上海 200433
△共同第一作者
*通信作者) |
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| 摘要: |
| 目的 分析我国独居老年人的失能状况及其影响因素。方法 基于2018年中国老年人健康影响因素调查项目的调查结果，纳入1 854名独居老年人的数据，采用Kata量表判断老年人的失能状况。采用χ2检验分析独居老年人失能状况的分布特征，利用二分类logistic回归模型分析独居老年人失能的影响因素。结果 13.86%（257/1 854）的独居老年人出现失能。单因素分析显示，失能的独居老年人和未失能的独居老年人在年龄、BMI、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、规律锻炼情况、自评健康状况和年度体检情况等指标分布的差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄≥80岁（OR＝2.554）、睡眠时长＜4.0 h（OR＝2.460）是独居老年人失能的危险因素，规律锻炼（OR＝0.637）、自评健康较好（OR＝0.593）和参加年度体检（OR＝0.698）是独居老年人失能的保护因素。结论 独居老年人的失能状况受多种因素的影响，其发生率低于整体老年人的水平。 |
| 关键词: 老年人 独居 失能 影响因素 发生率 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20220916 |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-01修订日期：2023-04-25 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金（2022-skjj-c-033），军队双重学科建设项目-03. |
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| Disability status and its influencing factors among elderly people living alone in China |
| WANG Bin1△,ZHOU Yu2△,DU Mao-lin3,SHI Jin-hao2,SHEN Zhuo-jie1,SUN Jin-hai4,YUAN Lei4* |
(1. Office of Teaching Affairs, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China;
2. Office of Scientific and Academic Research, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China;
3. Department of Office, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China;
4. Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Services, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
△Co-first authors.
* Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the disability status and its influencing factors among elderly people living alone in China. Methods Based on the data obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018, a total of 1 854 elderly people living alone were included in this study. The disability status of the subjects was evaluated using Kata scale, and the distribution patterns of disability status were analyzed using χ2 test. Furthermore, binary logistic model was used to identify the factors influencing the disability status of elderly people living alone. Results The prevalence of disability among the elderly people living alone was 13.86% (257/1 854). The results of the univariate analysis indicated that there were significant differences in age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, self-rated health, and annual physical examination between disabled elderly people and non-disabled elderly people (all P＜0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that age≥ 80 years old (odds ratio ［OR］ ＝2.554) and sleep duration＜4.0 h (OR＝2.460) were risk factors of disability in the elderly people living alone, while regular exercise (OR＝0.637), good self-rated health (OR＝0.593), and participation in annual physical examination (OR＝0.698) were protective factors. Conclusion The disability status of elderly people living alone is influenced by various factors, and the incidence of disability among this population is lower than that among the general elderly population. |
| Key words: the aged living alone disability influencing factors incidence |
