Objective：To observe the protective effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） on TNFα- induced injury of the inner medullary collecting duct （IMCD） cells. Methods： Cultured IMCD cells were randomly divided into blank control, TNFα stimulation, PPARγ transfection （pPPARγ-control） and PPARγ transfection ＋ TNFα stimulation groups. Stimulation was induced with 50 ng/ml TNFα for 24 h and mouse wild-type PPARγ plasmid was used to transfect IMCD cells. Cell supernatant MCP-1 or TGFβ1 was detected by ELISA method. Results： IMCD cells transfected with wild-type PPARγ plasmid had high expression of PPARγ mRNA and protein. The contents of MCP-1 and TGFβ1 in the supernatant were similar in blank control group and pPPARγ-control group. Compared with blank control group, TNFα stimulation group had decreased contents of MCP-1 and TGFβ1 in the supernatant （P〈0. 005）, but the contents of TNFα stimulation group were significantly higher than those of PPARγ transfection ＋ TNFα stimulation group （P〈0.05 and P（0. 005, respectively）. Conclusion： IMCD cells over expressing PPARγ have anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects.